Securities in Stock Market

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 1. Equity Shares: Represent ownership in a company. Investors buy shares to gain equity ownership and potential dividends.


2. Preference Shares: These shares provide dividends before equity shareholders and have a fixed rate of return.


3. Debentures and Bonds: Fixed-income instruments that pay interest. Debentures are issued by companies, while bonds can be government or corporate-issued.


4. Derivatives: Financial contracts whose value is derived from underlying assets (stocks, indices, commodities). Common derivatives include futures and options.


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